B.Tech Nanotechnology Course- Details, Eligibility, and Career

Here is a list of 16 Interesting things to know before becoming a Nanotechnologist. 

Overview of nanotechnology:

Nanotechnology deals with things that are extremely small, of about 1 to 100 nanometres. The term Nanotechnology was coined by ‘Norio Taniguchi’. It is really very hard to imagine how small nano-sized particles could be. To define a nanometre, we can say that it is one-billionth of a meter. The science, engineering, and technology associated with these little particles are what we get to study under the spectrum of Nanotechnology course.

The development of Nanotechnology and its associated science has enabled individuals to see and control individual atoms and molecules. Any new field will definitely have the pure science and technology areas of development linked to it. Nanoengineering is the technology aspect of these nanomaterials.

Nanoengineering employs controlled manipulation of specific properties to create new materials and function systems that may have unique capabilities. These nanomaterials have different physical and chemical properties than bulk materials due to the high surface-to-volume ratio and also due to different quantum effects at the nanoscale. Anyone who undertakes a NanotechnologyCourse will have a gateway of opportunities to explore this field.

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1.How is Nanotechnology Applied in everyday life?

Nanotechnology is an inescapable part of present-day life. Everything we use has the essence of Nanoparticles and their applied technology but most of the time it gets unnoticed due to a lack of awareness of the presence and use of Nanotechnology.

• A rarely known fact is that “Silk” is a prime example of naturally occurring Nanotechnology.
• Lotus leaves are also a very good example of natural nanostructures. These nanostructures are the reason why water repels off the lotus leaves. This principle of repelling water is being used behind self-cleaning windows.
• The lasers used in “DVD and CD players” are a classic example of the use of nano-sized components.
• All gadgets use Nanotechnology to store snaps and music on their respective hard drives and flash memory.
• Nanoparticles are present in the coating of the airplane surface to reduce drag.
• Nanotechnology is being used in the production of sunscreen such that it can reflect harmful UV rays.
• The manufacture of sunglasses uses Nanotechnology to make them scratch-proof.
• Nanoparticles are used in pharmaceutical products to enhance their absorption ability and make them easier to deliver.
• Nanoparticles within fabrics make the fabric resistant to stain, flame, and water.
• Implants made of nanomaterial surfaces improve wear and resist infection.

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2. Application Areas of Nanotechnology:

Each of the above-mentioned applications of Nanotechnology can be broadly classified into the following categories. This classification should be known to all the candidates interested in picking the B.Tech Nanotechnology Courses in their area of study.

Nanoelectronics

The 2 major disadvantages of microelectronics i.e., the size and cost were overcome by the use of nanoelectronics and Nanotechnology. Many advantages popped up with the use of nanoelectronics such as the small size of transistors, reduced chip density, reduced power consumption, fabrication through nanolithography, and reduced weight of electronic equipment.

It is now very clear that this Nanotechnology can be applied to improve the performance of nanoelectronic devices as computers, memory storage units, display units, optoelectronic devices, radios, quantum devices, etc.

Nanomedicine

The medical application of Nanotechnology is termed nanomedicine. Nanotechnology within nanomedicine aims to improve and monitor the human body functions at the molecular levels. Other major advantages of using Nanotechnology in the field of medicine are reduced side effects of medicines, higher efficiency, minimized surgeries, faster detection of diseases, and quick cure of diseases.

The techniques of Nanotechnology can be applied for potential therapies (cancer and HIV), tissue engineering, imaging, sensing, drug delivery, sepsis treatment, medical devices(cell repair machines).

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Nanobiotechnology

This field is quite similar to the medical area but with a fine line of difference. Nanobiotechnology focuses more on therapeutic and diagnostic application development. Therapeutic applications may include gene delivery, cardiac care, dental care, orthopedic treatments, biomolecular engineering. Diagnostic applications may include individual target probes, protein chips, and detection equipment.

Nanotechnology in warfare

Nanotechnology applications in warfare include hyper-reactive explosives, small robots, energy-absorbing nanomaterials, biomolecular motors, quantum dots for sensors, electromagnetic super materials, etc. The application of Nanotechnology in warfare and defense has paved the path for future research in the context of weaponization.

Nano energies

Nanotechnology here is applied to create and design devices on a nanoscale. Improvements in nanofabrication methods can solve critical energy-related issues of the present world. Nanomaterials used in energy are major of 3 types: graphene-based nanomaterials, silicon-based nano semi-conductors, and nano-cellulose-based materials. Some applications of Nanotechnology in the energy field are:

• Lithium-sulphur based high-performance batteries
• Nanomaterials in solar cells
• Nanoparticle fuel additives

Nano industries

Some of the industries that are currently deploying the use of Nanotechnology include:

• Food industry
• Oil and gas industry
• Aerospace industry
• Construction industry
• Consumer industry

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3. Duration of the B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

Now as we understand that studying Nanotechnology can help students make breakthrough innovations in various fields. One of the best ways to study Nanotechnology is pursuing an undergraduate study as BTech Nanotechnology. This is a 4-year course just like any other BTech course. Each year consists of 2 semesters with various subjects to learn, thereby making 8 semesters in 4 years to evaluate the performance of candidates.

4. Syllabus of the B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

Some important subjects that are taught as a part of this course are outlined below. It is very important to note that some basic subjects may vary depending on the university or college where the course is being undertaken. Generalized information of some major subjects being taught in the course are:

• Elements of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology
• Engineering Graphics
• Nanochemistry
• Nano-magnetism
• Nanophotonics
• Nanotechnology in Tissue Engineering
• Nano-Computing
• Nanorobotics
• Smart Sensor Systems
• Nano Electronics
• Microscopy to nanoscopy
• Polymer and Nanocomposites
• Industrial Nanotechnology
• Carbon Nanotechnology
• Lithography Techniques and Fabrication
• Molecular Spectroscopy and Its Applications
• Nanotribology
• Micro and Nanofluidics
• Nanotechnology in Agriculture and Food Processing
• Supramolecular Systems
• Nanotechnology in Cosmetics
• Green Nanotechnology
• Atomistic Modelling

Apart from the major subjects, there are some basic subjects that are taught during the course which help build a strong foundation for the course. Some such basic subjects are:

• Calculus and solid geometry
• Physics
• Chemistry
• Advanced Calculus and Complex Analysis
• Materials Science
• Principles of Environmental Science
• Probability and Random Process
• Programming Using MATLAB
• Principles of Engineering Metallurgy

Every core module is followed by practical/laboratory work for a hands-on experience in certain areas of study. A few practical work sessions include:

• Nanoelectronics simulation laboratory
• Mechatronics systems laboratory
• Nanotoxicology and Nanotechnology engineering practice
• Synthesis and characterization of nanomaterials laboratory
• Electronics circuits laboratory

5. Suitability for B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

It is very evident from the syllabus of the course that this study involves too many focus areas and hence it is very important to understand whether it is apt for a candidate to choose this course.

• A candidate opting for this course should be research-oriented, have a good analytical ability, and great interest in computer programming.
• Knowledge of advanced mathematical modeling and other supporting formal or informal knowledge would always be an add-on to the course.
• Since it is a very new area of development, one should be focused to learn the technology with patience and should be able to invest long hours into study and research.

6. Eligibility Criteria for BTechNanotechnologyCandidates:

• A candidate should have completed 10 + 2 to be eligible for a course in BTech.
• One should have completed intermediate level (12th standard) with a major in Maths, physics, and chemistry.
• To secure a seat in any of the premier colleges in India, a candidate has to appear for an all-India level entrance exam (e.g. JEE).
• Some colleges/universities in India also focus on the marks or percentage obtained by candidates in their 10+2 level (say e.g., colleges may have admission criteria of a percentage to be obtained in 10+2 to be greater than 60%).
• Other than good scores in the 10+2 level and the entrance exams, candidates should also focus or prepare well for some interviews, believing that these are conducted by most prestigious colleges /universities.
• Other universities or colleges that offer B.Tech Nanotechnology courses could have a state-level exam or their own entrance level test to provide admission to eligible candidates.

7. Background work before joining B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

Before making a final decision about admission into a certain college, it is always a wise decision to research the atmosphere and taught programs of the college so as to gauge the advantages and disadvantages of the college.

One of the most important factors for eligibility is that the candidate should have a strong will to pursue this course. Unlike other streams in BTech, the Nanotechnology course is considered different because it needs much self-education and motivation.

Candidates should talk to alumni of different colleges over various platforms to understand the post-study opportunities offered by the colleges/universities. (This would help candidates in securing internships, a guide to future prospects, etc.)

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8. Skillset Development for B.Tech Nanotechnology Course students:

Engineering is a study where every candidate has to try and become exceptional from the rest of the batch. Becoming exceptional is much required these days due to the competition that is prevalent in the market. Only with exclusive skill-building can one try to achieve great results.

Amongst 1.5 million engineers graduating every year, a candidate should exhibit academic excellence, soft and hard skills to make a mark in the industry. Some such skills that can help graduates enhance their ability of work or study are as follows:

• Excellent communication is extremely important such that one is able to express their thoughts, views, and opinions to fellow students or researchers. Collaboration and effective communication go hand-in-hand for producing required results at the workplace or in academics.
• Since there are many areas of research for a nanotechnologist, one should choose a particular area and gain proficient knowledge in that area to create an impactful project.
• Practical work done during the course should be handled very carefully and with utmost attention because that would be the basis for all future industrial prospects one would encounter as a Nanotechnology engineer.
• Critical thinking is an important pre-requisite for a Nanotechnologist so as to provide professional analysis and solutions at the workplace.
• Quick problem-solving ability can also help engineers to make wise and in-time decisions on critical issues.

9. Career prospects for candidates choosing B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

With a degree in B.Tech Nanotechnology Course, the respective graduate can have a choice to pursue a career of his/her interest. Of the many options available in government and private organizations, some of them are mentioned below. A graduate can choose to become,

• A lecturer/professor
• Junior Research scientist
• Project assistant/associate
• Laboratory technician
• Applications engineer
• Optical engineer
• Design engineer
• R&D executive
• Product marketing engineer/manager

Although these are some positions a graduate can take up, some areas where Nanotechnology graduates can look for employment are:

• Health or pharma industry
• Production areas
• Agriculture areas
• Environmental industry
• Teaching sector
• Space research center
• Forensic labs
• Food and beverage industry
• R&D private and public sectors
• Auto and aerospace industries
• Military and national security

To understand what jobs are listed and what is the work profile requirements of a Nanotechnologist or Nanotechnology graduate within various industries, one can refer to the following link.

10. Scope of B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

Since Nanotechnology is emerging very rapidly, it has an extremely good scope of creating numerous job opportunities in multiple fields as mentioned above. It is predicted that the boom of Nanotechnology would be larger than the IT and internet.

Thorough research of possibilities should be done before the course completion. Such research would help the candidate understand his/her future interest. After BTech, if a candidate wishes to pursue higher studies in the same field then there are opportunities like MTech and Ph.D. programs. Else, if one gets interested to work in research domains, he can choose to join firms like the CSIR, DRDO, IISC, BARC, etc.

11. Fee structure of B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

A very familiar thing to understand is that no two colleges will have the same fee structure for a particular course, this is due to various reasons like the infrastructure of the college, ranking, other amenities offered by the college (like a library, placement opportunities, etc.).

It is also important to note that not all colleges offer a BTech in Nanotechnology. So, colleges that offer this particular course could charge an extra fee just to facilitate the taught program. The approximate fee charged by colleges could be around 5 Lakhs (average) for private colleges and around 9 Lakhs for public colleges.

12. Top colleges offering B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

Table-1 List of colleges offering BTech (Nanotechnology)

13. Entrance Exams for B.Tech Nanotechnology Course:

The entrance exams for BTech Nanotechnology are expected to consist of 3 sections – general aptitude, engineering mathematics, and subject-oriented papers. These subject-oriented papers have to be chosen by the candidate while applying for the entrance exam.

Most common subjects for this field include digital logic design, computer architecture, and organization, computation theory, basics of physics, chemistry, and biology. As mentioned in the above Table-1, there could be All India level entrance exams or state level exams depending on the type of college one aspires to join.

There is the possibility of a change in the pattern and syllabus of the entrance examination, so it is advisable for the candidates to visit the respective website and get the updated brochures for the exams and prepare accordingly. One should always try and speak to peer groups who target to undertake a similar kind of entrance test, doing so will widen the scope of preparation. Entrance exams are:

• JEE MainJEE Advanced
• WBJEE
• GUCET
• COMEDK
• NIMSEE
• TS EAMCET
• TNEA
• KCET
• SRMJEEE
• UPESEAT
• SAT India

14. Salary Structure of B.Tech Nanotechnology CourseGraduates in India

As per a study done on the 3 different levels of working professionals, it was found that the salary of a graduate (Nanotechnology) could range somewhere between 1.6 to 2.2 Lakhs per annum (LPA) for entry-level professionals. 2.2 to 6.8 LPA for medium-level professionals and up to 20 LPA for high-level professionals.

Sometimes salaries of graduates can also depend on their college of study (for e.g., premier colleges get placements from top recruiters). The figures mentioned in the above graph are just for a basic understanding and there is all possibility that these digits could have changed as per the present economic circumstances of the country.

16. Health impacts of Nanotechnology:

It is very interesting to understand that every technology has its own negative impacts. As a word of caution, it is advisable to remember all the negative impacts the field can offer such that proper preventive measures can be taken during certain unavoidable circumstances.

Especially, researchers who stay close to these nanoparticles are prone to health disturbances. Nanotechnology is known to have caused malignant tumors in those who have dealt with nanoparticles directly. Materials obtained from nanotubes have the capacity to enter the human body through the skin or by inhalation, which is expected to cause health issues and these particles cannot be removed by any medical treatment.

Conclusion:

These are the top B.Tech Nanotechnology Course programs. Scientists predict that Nanotechnology would have 4 distinct generations of advancement. The current state of Nanotechnology is just at its first stage. This field is expected to have rapid and strong future developments that can contribute to good economic growth and employment generation within the country. Nanotechnology would definitely change the manufacturing process of almost every product in existence.

It will be one of the greatest achievements of the human race and is bound to change the lives of every human being. Nanotechnology is being proudly termed as “Future Technology” because of its ability to solve many problems. In spite of having so much positive potential, Nanotechnology also has some negative properties as well e.g., to produce usable nanoparticles, enormous amounts of water and energy are consumed. The negative aspects are still unexplored and require more study and research from future generations to find appropriate solutions.